This website will examine Art. 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Specifically looking at concerted practices by object. Concerted practice is collusion that does not reach the level of an agreement, parallel conduct with a common will. Under Art 101, concerted practices by object are the subject of complex enforcement actions and large fines. Unlike agreements that have a clear anticompetitve effect, however, concerted practices by object have many abstract and fuzzy at